News
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left wing king
- Guardian = left wing
- The Daily Mail = right wing
The majority of News in the UK is right wing due to the owners of all of these large news corporations (Murdock).
The Guardian:
The Daily Mail:
Right wing bias in papers due to who owns and reads papers; producers and consumers.
Guardian (Scott Trust Limited)
Daily Mail (DMGT Jonathan Harmsworth)
The Mirror (Reach PLC)
The Times (Rupert Murdoch)
The Sun (Lachlan Murdoch)
The Telegraph (Rupert Murdoch)
The Metro (DMGT Jonathan Harmsworth)
2 major types of newspaper: tabloid (soft news: celebrity gossip - high image to copy ratio) and broadsheet (hard news: politics, international relationships - information heavy)
60% of people who buy The Sun have not been to university.
The Mid Market Tabloid:
Specifically, the Daily mail, Daily Express, The 'I', The Metro. It is a hybrid between a broadsheet and a tabloid. In the middle of political analysis.
News however is all online, 84% for ages 18-24.
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Independent Press Standards Organization (IPSO): The press which regulates the Newspapers, it is not publicly funded, it is funded by the daily newspapers it represents. About 1500 print titles and 1100 websites are signed up to IPSO, The Guardian, specifically has opted out, as they are self-regulators. IPSO members include: The Telegraph, The Daily Mail, Metro, The Times, The Sun, The Daily Express, The Daily Star, The Daily Mirror. Any complaints about these papers may be taken up with IPSO.
IMPRESS is another independent press regulator in the UK. Not many papers are signed up for it as it is very restricted, and it is not compromised by its funding system - originally IMPRESS was owned by Max Owsley. Owsley's grandfather was the leader to fascist party in the UK years ago.
Regulators are reactionary for this reason. They cannot possibly police 100,000's of articles publishes every single day - complaints and issues are raised post-release, meaning the content is still exposed to the public.
Issues Regarding Regulation:
- kill off competition
- print damaging lies
- underhand to get stories
- intruding into peoples lives
- print private and public information
- lie, exaggerate
- print information that can prejudice court cases
- incite hatred
- publish inappropriate content
- take too much control and heavily restrict stories
- too much press and content to regulate
- underfunded
- comment regulation would be difficult to fully achieve
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Mini Knowledge Test: (Key info)
Q1) Name three mid-market tabloids.
A1) The Daily Express and The Daily Mail, Metro
Q2) Which three titles does Rupert Murdoch's News UK Own?
A2) The Times, The Sun, The Sunday Times
Q3) What is the political slant of The Telegraph?
A3) Conservative/ Right Wing
Q4) Which three titles are owned by Reach PLC?
A4) The Daily Mirror, The Daily Express, The Daily Star
Q5) Why does the Scott Trust finance The Guardian?
A5) To protect objective, investigative quality journalism
Q6) Which is the only paper with more female readers?
A6) The Daily Mail
Q7) What is the Daily Express's slogan?
A7) 'We're backing Britain';
Q8) What is the Daily Mirror's slogan?
A8) 'The Heart of Britain'
Contexts:
Economic = Newspapers need to make money and give audiences what they want (Production),
The Daily Mail is a business aiming for profit - while The Guardian reinvests money into journalism, Technology has pushed newspapers to adapt - using apps and cross-media formats (Distribution), Covid-19 affected newspapers sales and income (Distribution and Consumption)
Political = Newspapers often have political leaning (Production), Governments may influence newspapers - but they are meant to remain free to report on democracy (Production), Most UK papers lean towards right-wing and pro-business views (Production)
Cultural = Culture is essentially what society perceives as normal. People prefer online news, which has changed how stories are delivered; for example: social media, websites (Consumption), Newspapers use appealing visuals and celebrity stories to attract readers (Production), The Daily Mail focuses on British culture and tradition, while The Guardian promotes serious, international journalism (Production), Some newspapers mix genres or challenge cultural norms in how they present stories (Production), Social Media allows readers to share news and their own idea (Distribution and Consumption).
Historical = Newspapers have been important for informing people about politics and world events (Production and Consumption), Traditional print is being replaced by digital platforms due to technology (Distribution)
Social = Social backgrounds of readers affect what newspapers include to keep their audience interested; for example: age, wealth, location (Production), Newspapers reflect what's happening in the world - including people's concerns and anxieties (Production), Audiences expect fun and interactive content - often looking for quick and online access. (Consumption), Modern media highlights diversity and changes in attitudes - such as feminism and LGBTQ+ representation (Consumption), Print newspapers often have online versions to reach more people, though many still resist going fully online (Distribution).
Case Study:
- The guardian is unconventional having as much image as they did, breaking typical convention due to the big news day (using 2/3 of the page with a picture of Boris Johnson). This Highlight the focus on Boris. Whereas The Daily Mail uses vulgar worlds, 'vindictive' highlighting the intensity of the situation - leading to a much greater moral panic and suggesting Johnson was the victim as if this is the only news you consume you'd become favoring to one opinion as it's the only one you see.
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